以資訊處理法記憶觀點探討飛航通話流程之風險

Exploring ATC Communication Errors from Memory Perspectives of Human Information Processing

　　飛航通話為預防航空事故的重要防線之一，其品質端賴於飛行員與飛航管制員通話資訊處理與交換之正確性，而記憶為通話資訊處理與飛行操作中的重要環節。本研究係透過遺忘或錯誤回想工作記憶與長期記憶四種記憶失誤，研析飛行員與飛航管制員處理通話資訊時的五類通話失誤型態。研究發現錯誤回想暫時的資訊係最常發生的記憶失誤類型，其次為遺忘暫時的資訊及遺忘已經儲存的資訊，而錯誤回想已經儲存的資訊出現的次數最少。最後針對上述研究結果提出各項改善建議。

As one of the defensive lines in preventing aviation accidents and incidents from occurrences, radiotelephony communication depends heavily on the accuracy of information processing and exchange between pilots and controllers. The process of information exchange mainly involves remembering and memory recall, which can not only minimize pilot-controller miscommunication but also benefit aviation safety improvement.
This study adopted memory processing perspectives – memory, forgetting, and misrecall – to analyze the five error types that frequently occurred in the course of pilot-controller communication. The results showed that “misrecalling temporary information” led to communication breakdowns more often, followed by “forgetting temporary information” and “forgetting stored information”. “Misrecalling stored information” had the least effect on pilot-controller miscommunication. This paper concluded with recommendations for preventive measures to help reduce memory and communication errors.